I do a similar thing with Projects, and modifications for the project. If you will only have a max of one amendment, you could probably get away with not having an Amendments table. Otherwise, if it's an unknown number, I would make an amendments table. I'm a fan of the child table because you inevitably want to add more info with the amendment (date, title, a file, etc). That table has the amendment amount (plus whatever other fields).
Grant Award has Many Amendments.
Summary field on grant award of the total amount in Amendments.
Grant Table you have Initial amount field, and now the Amendment Total Summary Field. Create numeric formula field on Grant Table 'Grant Total With Amendments'. ([Amendment Total Summary Field] + [Grant Initial Amount].
In this scenario they technically enter into your Amendments table, but its a seamless user experience. They simply click 'Add Amendment', enter the price, and save.
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Mike Tamoush
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